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Question: Discuss about the Total Quality Management and High Performance Work Organization. Answer: Introduction The topic of organizational change has a huge impact on the shaping up the organizations in a proper manner. The organizations have to make a proper change in its operational procedures to gain the more benefits indeed. The organizations always want to get the most benefits in their operations as they want to improve their performance all over. If they do not improve their operational procedures they will not be able be able to compete with their rivals within the industry. This is why the change management will have to be made the most important aspect in most thriving organizations indeed (Benn, Dunphy Griffiths, 2014) It has also to be mentioned that there are many tools that the organizations must tend to imply on their operational procedures. These tools will be much beneficial for the employees as well as for the managers. If the managers are not well acquainted with these change processes they will surely undergo some issues in the future indeed (Green, 2012). It has to be clarified first what the idea of organizational change actually implies. The organizational changes will have to be discussed and implemented by the managers positively. The employees and managers must have a proper communication between them so this will be helpful for the organizations as well. These organizational changes vary from one organization to another depending on the organizational cultures and structures (Alvesson, 2012). It has to be said that the change in the organizational procedures becomes almost inevitable most times since the older procedures cannot cope up with the recent changes in the industry. The competition becomes so high that the organizations need to bring in some new management skills to improve their profits. This is completely a systematic approach indeed. The effective change management will have to be implemented in the organizations by using several tools. The technical involvement is also very important in this context as well (Hayes, 2014). The focus for the organizational change will be on the organizational change tools. The selected tools for this essay are Total Quality Management and High Performance Work Organization (Oakland, 2014). These tools are very important for the improvement of the organizations. The total quality management is the management approach that puts the entire focus on the customer satisfaction. The products and services should be improved by the use of the TQM (Sallis, 2014). High Performance Work Organization tool focuses on the total development of the organization. The managers have to prepare a proper planning by keeping the latest trends in the industry. This will improve the perfection of the organization (Benn, Dunphy Griffiths, 2014). Thesis statement: This essay is set to determine the fact that total Quality Management and High Performance Work Organization are both useful for the manufacturing industry. However, the Total Quality Management will be the useful tool for change in the service industry. Tools for manufacturing industry This part of the essay will focus on the change management tools for the manufacturing industry. The tool identified for this section is the High Performance Work Organization (Lieder Rashid, 2016). The recent studies have found that the high performance work organization tool can be used in the manufacturing industry to improve the practices in those organizations. One of the most important things in this context is the organizational culture (Alvesson Sveningsson, 2015). This makes a huge impact on the achievement of the organizational goals. This tool focuses on the involvement of the employees in a larger way. Features of the HPWO The High performance work organization tool helps the organizations in the manufacturing organizations to assess the difficulties in different areas and solve them instantly (Katzenbach Smith, 2015). The organizations should always use all the organizational resources to improve the work performance of the organizations (Katzenbach Smith, 2015). The management style that is followed in this high performance work organizations are democratic or participative. The employees can make the important decisions as well. Shortcomings of HPWO The workers in these HPWO firms will not be able to shift to other industries because the career paths are limited. The organizations focus mainly on the decision making of the employees so many management divisions are omitted from the organizational structure. The teams look to concentrate on the autonomous procedures so they do not have to seek opinion from seniors (Katzenbach Smith, 2015). Advantages of HPWO The employee attitudes are always right from every aspect. The employees possess a good understanding on the organizational procedures (Katzenbach Smith, 2015). The employees can co-operate with each other in a better way both inside and outside of the organizations because they build up a good understanding between them. The organizations can set up more strategies to implement their needs. This will probably be helpful for them indeed. The organizations in the HPWO will achieve good results and they can gain the competitive advantages. Implementation of HPWO in IT industry The employees in the information technology sector organizations know that they have to employ new technologies in the operations. They can decide instantly what kind of technology will be better for them (Bilbao-Osorio, Dutta Lanvin, 2013). Too much of managerial interference would ruin the work process of the employees. This is why they take this thing to themselves and fix what they have to do. The companies can be able to manufacture the best products in the industry and provide it to the customers for their use through a proper survey. The challenges faced by the employees and managers can be shared as the democratic management style is followed there (Bilbao-Osorio, Dutta Lanvin, 2013). Tools for service industry Here in this part of the essay, the sole focus will be on the Total Quality Management. This is very much useful for the operations in the manufacturing industry. The Total Quality Management (TQM) is one of the most important tools that are required to provide a proper change in the organizational procedures. The organizational change is a continuous process in which all the members of the organization have to participate (Ryu, Lee Gon Kim, 2012). This will be very much important for the organizations indeed. The improvement process for the organization can be achieved if all the employees and managers join their hands. The organizational culture is also needed to be changed in this discourse as well. The primary focus should be on the betterment of the services and products of the company. It has been noticed that there are mainly eight features or elements that exist in the TQM. TQM generally discusses about the total improvement of the organization (Ryu, Lee Gon Kim, 2012). The quality of the organizations will very effectively increase indeed. The activities of the organization should be changed and reshaped as suggested by the committee of the organization. The features of the TQM are:- Integrated system approach Every organization has a proper organizational structure that is divided into various departments. The interconnecting activities between all these departments shall lead to the smooth functioning of the organization (Sallis, 2014). The managers should focus on the quality policies and objectives of the organization. They should work in a way that they can achieve those objectives by proper implementation of those strategies. The organization must work according to their vision and mission indeed. The demands of the customers and stakeholders should be met. Customer-focused approach The primary focus of the organizations should always be on the needs of the customers. The customers should be their highest priority. All the organizations should provide the organizations with the best quality services. This will surely work positively in favor of the organizations and result in customer loyalty. The design process and the work facilities should be improved indeed. The organizations should provide all the facilities to their customers. Employee involvement It is always expected that the employees should always be involved in the working procedures of the organizations. The goals of all the employees should be common. The employees should be motivated and work as a unit to attain all the organizational objectives (Sallis, 2014). Process centric The employees should put a good deal of focus on the process thinking. They should be involved in taking the right inputs from the suppliers and provide the best services to the customers. The higher management should always monitor the performance of the employees. Continuous development The organizations will have to see to the fact that the employees and the managers are developing their skills every day. This will be beneficial for the organization indeed. The organizations will expect better services from the employees and this will enhance their position in the industry. The analytical frameworks for improvement must be followed (Sallis, 2014). Communication The employees should be able to communicate with the higher management to address the problems they are facing (Guffey Loewy, 2012). The competition levels should be matched by the organizations with all the expectations from the stakeholders. Decision making on facts The performance measuring data should be calculated and tallied by the managers. This will help to know the performance improvement of the organization. Strict decisions can be taken regarding the improvement in performance (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Shortcomings of TQM in service industry The TQM tool is very much costly to be implemented. This toil destroys the creativity of the employees in a big way (Guffey Loewy, 2012) This is a very long term process so the results take a long time to come. This solution is not permanent. The same problems can arise again. Advantages of TQM in service industry All the service industry organizations need to follow the TQM properly. The service organizations should always provide the feedbacks to their clients as it is a part of their operations in the TQM (Gebauer Kowalkowski, 2012). They can avoid the direct interference from the senior level if they concentrate on their own performance as per TQM. Implementation of TQM in service industry TQM has come to be one of the most important management ideas in the modern business context. The customers or the travelers are needed to be satisfied as per the quality of the services. The hotel organizations must always keep a strict view on the performance levels of their employees (Goodall Ashworth, 2013). It is extremely necessary that the hotel authorities should provide the best services to their customers. Thus this is completely a customer centered service. The tourists or the end users of tourism services always want to get the best services from the hotel organizations. Te hotel authorities have to keep in mind if they are unable to provide them the best services the tourists will shift their preference (Goodall Ashworth, 2013). This is why they must identify all their faults and rectify them for providing the tourists with the best travelling experience along with comfort and luxury (Mok, Sparks Kadampully, 2013). They should look to improve their facilities and qual ities on a regular basis. Conclusion This essay can be concluded by saying that these organizational change tools have a big effect on the organizational procedures. The organizations need to improve their performance to stay in the hunt for the competition. They should always keep an eye on the performance of the organization as a whole. This includes the employees, the managers and all the stakeholders. This is how the organizations can thrive in this ever changing world of competition. The two of the most important tools for organizational change have been chosen in this essay. These are the Total Quality Management (TQM) and High Performance Work Organization (HPWO). These things are very significant since the features of these tools help to integrate all the basic things of the organization. The TQM facilities will include the different procedures by which the performance of the organizations can be measured. This is why the employees should always care for these things in their best senses. The HPWO tool is also e ffective as well. This can be very significant if it is implemented in the manufacturing industry. The TQM tool can be very much effective if it is implemented in the service industry. The organizations working in the service industry will be largely benefitted if they can implement the TQM tool. Thus organizational change will be implemented in the organizations. References Alvesson, M. (2012).Understanding organizational culture. Sage. Alvesson, M., Sveningsson, S. (2015).Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Benn, S., Dunphy, D., Griffiths, A. (2014).Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Bilbao-Osorio, B., Dutta, S., Lanvin, B. (2013, April). The global information technology report 2013. InWorld Economic Forum(pp. 1-383). Gebauer, H., Kowalkowski, C. (2012). Customer-focused and service-focused orientation in organizational structures.Journal of Business Industrial Marketing,27(7), 527-537. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Goodall, B., Ashworth, G. (Eds.). (2013).Marketing in the Tourism Industry (RLE Tourism): The promotion of destination regions. Routledge. Green, F. (2012). Employee involvement, technology and evolution in job skills: A task-based analysis.ILR Review,65(1), 36-67. Guffey, M. E., Loewy, D. (2012).Essentials of business communication. Cengage Learning. Hayes, J. (2014).The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Katzenbach, J. R., Smith, D. K. (2015).The wisdom of teams: Creating the high-performance organization. Harvard Business Review Press. Lieder, M., Rashid, A. (2016). Towards circular economy implementation: a comprehensive review in context of manufacturing industry.Journal of Cleaner Production,115, 36-51. Mok, C., Sparks, B., Kadampully, J. (2013).Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Oakland, J. S. (2014).Total quality management and operational excellence: text with cases. Routledge. Ryu, K., Lee, H. R., Gon Kim, W. (2012). The influence of the quality of the physical environment, food, and service on restaurant image, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,24(2), 200-223. Sallis, E. (2014).Total quality management in education. Routledge